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Crosswell Strain
This service images the arrival of fractures from an offset monitor well. This can be achieved by monitoring a permanent fiber installation in the monitor well or by temporarily deploying fiber optic wireline into the monitor well by pump-down or tractor.
Crosswell Strain can help you understand:
- Stimulation Cluster Efficiency
- Fracture Length and Height
- Fracture Azimuth
- Hydraulic Communication
- Pump Rate and Volume vs. Fracture Geometry
- Completion Sequence vs. Fracture Geometry
- Subsurface Features vs. Fracture Geometry
- Parent-Child Interaction
- Plug Failure
- Poor Cement Isolation
Crosswell Strain is a direct measurement of fracture driven interaction (FDI). It is an excellent indicator of hydraulic conductivity between the monitor well and the well or wells being stimulated. Monitoring from a well landed in a formation higher than the stimulation well can constrain height growth estimates. Similarly, monitoring from the same horizon can confirm hydraulic half-length. Understanding fracture geometry and when it is achieved during the pumping of a stage is critical to optimizing completion design.
Microseismic Imaging
This service detects microseismic events associated with hydraulic fracturing and locates them in the reservoir. These signatures can also be used to image the reservoir before and after stimulation. This data can be acquired using geophones, fiber optic wireline, or some combination of the two.
Microseismic Imaging can help you understand:
- Fracture Length and Height
- Fracture Azimuth
- Hydraulic Communication
- Rate and Volume vs. Fracture Geometry
- Subsurface Features vs. Fracture Geometry
- Parent-Child Interaction
- Plug Failure
- Poor Cement Isolation
Microseismic Imaging produces a cloud of events that correlates to the fracture geometry achieved during stimulation. The ability to detect changes in the rock fabric remotely helps to bridge the gap between direct measurements from the monitoring and stimulation wells. It is possible to acquire Microseismic data at the same time as Crosswell Strain, providing an integrated data set that illustrates the propagation of fractures across the reservoir in real-time.
Production Profiling
This service quantifies fluid volumes and composition entering the wellbore from each cluster during production. The best quality data is achieved by tractoring fiber optic wireline into the producing well.
Production Profiling can help you understand:
- Production Cluster Efficiency
- Fracture Geometry vs. Production
- Subsurface Features vs. Production
- Stimulation Distribution vs. Production Distribution
- Well Interference
- Diverter Effectiveness
- Parent-Child Interaction
- Foreign Fluid Entry Points
- Production Heel-Toe Bias
Production Profiling delivers cluster-level volumes and composition of fluid entering the wellbore during production. This provides the foundation for understanding how the hydraulic fracture geometry created manifests itself in production. It also provides a basis for comparing the distribution of stimulation to the distribution of production along the lateral. Comparing the Production Profile of a parent well before and after a child well is completed can quantify the effects of well spacing and inform development plans. stimulation wells. It is possible to acquire Microseismic data at the same time as Crosswell Strain, providing an integrated data set that illustrates the propagation of fractures across the reservoir in real-time.
Injection Profiling
This service quantifies fluid volumes injected into the formation at each entry point. This can be achieved during frac by monitoring a permanent fiber installation (Hydraulic Fracture Profiling) or during injection or disposal by deploying fiber optic wireline.
Injection Profiling can help you understand:
- Stimulation Cluster Efficiency
- Plug Failure
- Poor Cement Isolation
- Diverter Effectiveness
- Primary Points of Injection
- Stimulation Heel-Toe Bias
Injection Profiling quantifies the distribution of injection among perforation clusters and/or injection points. It is the best way to measure stimulation cluster efficiency if a permanent fiber installation is available. Heel bias among perforation clusters in a stage is quite evident on an Injection Profile. Understanding the distribution of injection points can inform SWD design and identify the most effective methods of intervention if disposal efficiency drops off.